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English learning

The Sentences

"A sentence is an arrangement of a group of words that makes a complete and meaningful sense."

Example:- Please shut the door.

                   The earth moves round the sun.

Kinds of Sentences 

(A) Assertive/Statement/Declarative

(B) Interrogative

(C) Imperative

(D) Optative 

(E) Exclamatory

(A) Assertive/Statement/Declarative:

              "When we need to give some facts or to describe events or things whether negative or positive,we use assertive sentences.An assertive sentence makes only a statement,an assertion and ends with a full stop."

Structures:

(i) S + V + O/C

(ii) S + V1/V5 + O/C

(iii) S + is/am/are + V4 + O/C

(iv) S + have/ has + V3 + O/C

(v) S + have/has + been + V4 + O/C

(vi) S + V2 + O/C

(vii) S + modal + V1

(viii) S + modal + be + V4

(ix) S + modal + have + V3

(x) S + modal + have been +V4

                   {Where S = Subject, v = Verb, O = Object, C = Complement}

Examples: Affirmative or Yes-statement:

           Abhishek has done his M.B.B.S.from kolkata.

           She may win the prize.

           I am sure you too will begin to speak English.

           Neha went to Delhi yesterday.

Examples: Negative or No-statement: 

           Abha has not been reading the newspaper.

           Komal is not living in Patna these days.

           They never come in time.

           I hardly go there.

           Barking dogs seldom bite.

           I have no money.

(B) Interrogative Sentences:

               "When we need to ask someone a question,we use an Interrogative Sentence.It ends with a mark of interrogation(?)."

(i)Yes/No-questions:

Structures: Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb + Other words ? 

 Examples: Do you read any newspaper?

                    Does he smoke?

                    Is that your pen? 

                    Will he pass the examination?

                    Can you speak English fluently?

(ii) Wh-questions:

Structures: Wh-words + Subject + Main Verb + Other words ?

  Examples: Who discovered the laws of motion?

                         What happened? 
                         Whose horse won the race?          
                         How are you?
(C) Imperative Sentences:
              "When we need to express some commands,request and advice,we use Imperative Sentences."
Examples: Come on/ in time.
                       Help the poor.
                       Don't pluck the flowers.
                       Please,lend me fifty rupees.
                       Never tell a lie.

(D) Optative Sentences:
               "When we need to express a wish/prayer/curse to some one, we use optative sentences."
Examples: Wish you a very happy new year ! / I wish you a happy new year !
                      May you be successful !
                      May you live long !
                      Many many happy returns of the day !
                      May that building collapse !

(E) Exclamatory Sentences:
                   "When we need to express some strong and sudden feeling of surprise, sorrow, joy, anger, regret, contempt, hatred etc. we use exclamatory sentences."
 Structures:   How + Adjective
                       How + Adjective + Noun
 Examples:   What a boy !
                       How beautiful !
                       What a dashing personality !
                       Alas ! I am undone.
                       Pooh ! Pooh !
                       How dare you !
                        How bad !
                        Hurrah ! we have won the match.